Greek: Septuagint (LXX)
English: John Barach
English: John Barach
Chapter 24
Divorce
| 1 Ἐὰν δέ τις λάβῃ γυναῖκα καὶ συνοικήσῃ αὐτῇ, καὶ ἔσται ἐὰν μὴ εὕρῃ χάριν ἐναντίον αὐτοῦ, ὅτι εὗρεν ἐν αὐτῇ ἄσχημον πρᾶγμα, καὶ γράψει αὐτῇ βιβλίον ἀποστασίου καὶ δώσει εἰς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῆς καὶ ἐξαποστελεῖ αὐτὴν ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας αὐτοῦ, 2 καὶ ἀπελθοῦσα γένηται ἀνδρὶ ἑτέρῳ, 3 καὶ μισήσῃ αὐτὴν ὁ ἀνὴρ ὁ ἔσχατος καὶ γράψει αὐτῇ βιβλίον ἀποστασίου καὶ δώσει εἰς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῆς καὶ ἐξαποστελεῖ αὐτὴν ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας αὐτοῦ, ἢ ἀποθάνῃ ὁ ἀνὴρ ὁ ἔσχατος, ὃς ἔλαβεν αὐτὴν ἑαυτῷ γυναῖκα, 4 οὐ δυνήσεται ὁ ἀνὴρ ὁ πρότερος ὁ ἐξαποστείλας αὐτήν, ἐπαναστρέψας λαβεῖν αὐτὴν ἑαυτῷ γυναῖκα μετὰ τὸ μιανθῆναι αὐτήν, ὅτι βδέλυγμά ἐστιν ἐναντίον κυρίου τοῦ θεοῦ σου· καὶ οὐ μιανεῖτε τὴν γῆν, ἣν κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὑμῶν δίδωσιν ὑμῖν ἐν κλήρῳ. 5 ἐὰν δέ τις λάβῃ γυναῖκα προσφάτως, οὐκ ἐξελεύσεται εἰς τὸν πόλεμον, καὶ οὐκ ἐπιβληθήσεται αὐτῷ οὐδὲν πρᾶγμα· ἀθῷος ἔσται ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ αὐτοῦ ἐνιαυτὸν ἕνα, εὐφρανεῖ τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ, ἣν ἔλαβεν. | 1 And if someone takes a wife and cohabits with her, and it happens that she does not find favor before him because he found an unseemly thing (aschēmon pragma) in her, then he shall write for her a scroll of divorce (biblion apostasiou) and give it into her hands and send her away out of his house. 2 And if, having departed, she becomes [the wife] of another man, 3 and the latter man hates her and writes for her a scroll of divorce and gives it into her hands and sends her away out of his house, or if the latter man who took her to himself as a wife dies, 4 the former husband who sent her away shall not be able, having returned, to take her to himself as a wife after she has been defiled; for it is an abomination before the Lord your God, and you shall not defile the land which the Lord your God gives to you as an allotment. 5 And if someone takes a wife recently, he shall not go out to war, and no matter shall be imposed upon him; he shall be free (athōos) in his house for one year, and he shall cheer his wife whom he has taken. |
Protections for Life and Liberty
| 6 οὐκ ἐνεχυράσεις μύλον οὐδὲ ἐπιμύλιον, ὅτι ψυχὴν οὗτος ἐνεχυράζει. | 6 You shall not take a hand-mill or an upper millstone as a pledge, for this is taking a life (psychēn) as a pledge. |
| 7 ἐὰν δὲ ἁλῷ ἄνθρωπος κλέπτων ψυχὴν τῶν ἀδελφῶν αὐτοῦ τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ καὶ καταδυναστεύσας αὐτὸν ἀποδῶται, ἀποθανεῖται ὁ κλέπτης ἐκεῖνος· καὶ ἐξαρεῖς τὸν πονηρὸν ἐξ ὑμῶν αὐτῶν. | 7 And if a man is caught stealing a life from among his brothers the sons of Israel, and having overpowered him he sells him, that thief shall die; and you shall remove the evil from among yourselves. |
Health and Pledges
| 8 πρόσεχε σεαυτῷ ἐν τῇ ἁφῇ τῆς λέπρας· φυλάξῃ σφόδρα ποιεῖν κατὰ πάντα τὸν νόμον, ὃν ἐὰν ἀναγγείλωσιν ὑμῖν οἱ ἱερεῖς οἱ Λευῖται· ὃν τρόπον ἐνετειλάμην ὑμῖν, φυλάξασθε ποιεῖν. 9 μνήσθητι ὅσα ἐποίησεν κύριος ὁ θεός σου τῇ Μαριὰμ ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ ἐκπορευομένων ὑμῶν ἐξ Αἰγύπτου. 10 ἐὰν ὀφείλημα ᾖ ἐν τῷ πλησίον σου, ὀφείλημα ὁτιοῦν οὐκ εἰσελεύσῃ εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ ἐνεχυράσαι τὸ ἐνέχυρον· 11 ἔξω στήσῃ, καὶ ὁ ἄνθρωπος, οὗ τὸ δάνειόν σου ἐστιν ἐν αὐτῷ, ἐξοίσει σοί τὸ ἐνέχυρον ἔξω. | 8 Take heed to yourself in the plague of leprosy; you shall be very careful to do according to all the law which the priests, the Levites, shall declare to you; in the manner that I commanded them, you shall be careful to do. 9 Remember what the Lord your God did to Miriam on the way as you were coming out of Egypt. 10 If there is a debt owed by your neighbor, any debt whatever, you shall not enter into his house to take his pledge; 11 you shall stand outside, and the man to whom your loan belongs shall bring the pledge out to you. |
Laborers and Social Justice
| 12 ἐὰν δὲ ὁ ἄνθρωπος πένηται, οὐ κοιμηθήσῃ ἐν τῷ ἐνεχύρῳ αὐτοῦ· 13 ἀποδόσει ἀποδώσεις τὸ ἐνέχυρον αὐτοῦ περὶ δυσμὰς ἡλίου, καὶ κοιμηθήσεται ἐν τῷ ἱματίῳ αὐτοῦ καὶ εὐλογήσει σε, καὶ ἔσται σοί ἐλεημοσύνη ἐναντίον κυρίου τοῦ θεοῦ σου. 14 οὐκ ἀπαδικήσεις μισθὸν πένητος καὶ ἐνδεοῦς ἐκ τῶν ἀδελφῶν σου ἢ ἐκ τῶν προσηλύτων τῶν ἐν ταῖς πόλεσίν σου· 15 αὐθημερὸν ἀποδώσεις τὸν μισθὸν αὐτοῦ, οὐκ ἐπιδύσεται ὁ ἥλιος ἐπ' αὐτῷ, ὅτι πένης ἐστὶν καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ ἔχει τὴν ἐλπίδα· καὶ οὐ καταβοήσεται κατὰ σου πρὸς κύριον, καὶ ἔσται ἐν σοί ἁμαρτία. 16 οὐκ ἀποθανοῦνται πατέρες ὑπὲρ τέκνων, καὶ υἱοὶ οὐκ ἀποθανοῦνται ὑπὲρ πατέρων· ἕκαστος τῇ ἑαυτοῦ ἁμαρτίᾳ ἀποθανεῖται. | 12 And if the man is poor, you shall not sleep in his pledge; 13 you shall surely return his pledge to him about sunset, and he shall sleep in his garment and bless you, and it shall be an act of righteousness (eleēmosynē) for you before the Lord your God. 14 You shall not withhold the wages of a poor and needy man from among your brothers or from the proselytes in your cities. 15 You shall pay his wages on the same day; the sun shall not go down upon it, because he is poor and has his hope in it; and he shall not cry out against you to the Lord, and it be sin in you. 16 Fathers shall not be put to death for children, and sons shall not be put to death for fathers; each shall be put to death for his own sin. |
| 17 οὐκ ἐκκλινεῖς κρίσιν προσηλύτου καὶ ὀρφανοῦ καὶ χήρας καὶ οὐκ ἐνεχυράσεις ἱμάτιον χήρας· 18 καὶ μνησθήσῃ ὅτι οἰκέτης ἦσθα ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ καὶ ἐλυτρώσατό σὲ κύριος ὁ θεός σου ἐκεῖθεν· διὰ τοῦτο ἐγώ σοί ἐντέλλομαι ποιεῖν τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο. | 17 You shall not pervert the judgment of a proselyte and an orphan and a widow, and you shall not take a widow’s garment as a pledge. 18 And you shall remember that you were a household slave in the land of Egypt and the Lord your God redeemed you from there; because of this I command you to do this word. |
The Law of Gleaning
| 19 ἐὰν δὲ ἀμήσῃς ἀμητὸν ἐν τῷ ἀγρῷ σου καὶ ἐπιλάθῃ δράγμα ἐν τῷ ἀγρῷ σου, οὐκ ἐπαναστραφήσῃ λαβεῖν αὐτό· τῷ πτωχῷ καὶ τῷ προσηλύτῳ καὶ τῷ ὀρφανῷ καὶ τῇ χήρᾳ ἔσται, ἵνα εὐλογήσῃ σὲ κύριος ὁ θεός σου ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ἔργοις τῶν χειρῶν σου. 20 ἐὰν δὲ ἐλαιολογῇς, οὐκ ἐπαναστρέψεις καλαμήσασθαι τὰ ὀπίσω σου· τῷ προσηλύτῳ καὶ τῷ ὀρφανῷ καὶ τῇ χήρᾳ ἔσται· καὶ μνησθήσῃ ὅτι οἰκέτης ἦσθα ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ, διὰ τοῦτο ἐγώ σοί ἐντέλλομαι ποιεῖν τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο. 21 ἐὰν δὲ τρυγήσῃς τὸν ἀμπελῶνά σου, οὐκ ἐπανατρυγήσεις αὐτὸν τὰ ὀπίσω σου· τῷ προσηλύτῳ καὶ τῷ ὀρφανῷ καὶ τῇ χήρᾳ ἔσται· 22 καὶ μνησθήσῃ ὅτι οἰκέτης ἦσθα ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ, διὰ τοῦτο ἐγώ σοί ἐντέλλομαι ποιεῖν τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο. | 19 And if you reap your harvest in your field and forget a sheaf in your field, you shall not return to take it; it shall be for the poor and the proselyte and the orphan and the widow, so that the Lord your God may bless you in all the works of your hands. 20 And if you gather your olives, you shall not return to glean the branches behind you; it shall be for the proselyte and the orphan and the widow; and you shall remember that you were a household slave in the land of Egypt; because of this I command you to do this word. 21 And if you gather the grapes of your vineyard, you shall not return to glean it behind you; it shall be for the proselyte and the orphan and the widow; 22 and you shall remember that you were a household slave in the land of Egypt; because of this I command you to do this word. |