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GreekMeaningNotes
ἔβαλονI threw, cast2nd Aor. of βάλλω
εἶδονI saw2nd Aor. of βλέπω
εἶπονI said2nd Aor. of λέγω
ἔλαβονI took2nd Aor. of λαμβάνω
ἤγαγονI led2nd Aor. of ἄγω
ἦλθονI came, went2nd Aor. of ἔρχομαι
ἤνεγκαI bore, brought1st Aor. of φέρω
ἤνεγκονI bore, brought2nd Aor. of φέρω
λεἰπωI leave 
ἔλιπονI left2nd Aor. of λείπω
πάσχωI suffer 
ἔπαθονI suffered2nd Aor. of πάσχω -- cognate: empathy
πίπτωI fall 
ἔπεσονI fell2nd Aor. of πίπτω
ἔσχονI had2nd Αor. of ἔχω
ἔφαγονI ate2nd Aor. of ἐσθίω -- cognate: esophagus

Lexical Study
Second Aorist Active Indicative of λείπω
Singular
 FormMeaning
1stἔλιπονI left
2ndἔλιπεςyous left
3rdἔλιπε (ν)he/she/it left
Plural
 FormMeaning
1stἐλίπομενwe left
2ndἐλίπετεyoup left
3rdἔλιπονthey left


Second Aorist Middle Indicative of λείπω
Singular
 FormMeaning
1stἐλιπόμηνI left for myself
2ndἐλίπουyous left for yourself
3rdἐλίπετοhe/she/it left for himself
Plural
 FormMeaning
1stἐλιπόμεθαwe left for ourselves
2ndἐλίπεσθεyoup left for yourselves
3rdἐλίποντοthey left for themselves

  1. The second aorist is unlike the first aorist because it does not add σα or κα to the stem.
  2. Instead it radically changes the spelling of the stem.
    1. The second aorist passive is different from the middle forms
    2. The only way to tell if a verb has a first aorist form or a second aorist form is by looking at the list in the Appendix 1.
    3. The second aorist is formed just like the imperfect:
      1. Add the augment ε to the front because it is a past tense.
      2. Add the secondary endings to the end of the new stem: -ν, -ς, none, -μεν, -τε, -ν (or -σαν)
  3. The function of the second aorist is exactly the same as that of the first aorist--completed action in past time.
Rarely, some verbs, have both first aorist and second aorist forms. The first Aorist has a transitive meaning ("I did something to an object") while the second aorist operates intransitively ("I underwent/did something myself").
  1. ἵστημι (I stand, set, place)
    1. 1st Aorist (Transitive): ἔστησα – I set, I placed, I caused to stand (takes a direct object).
    2. 2nd Aorist (Intransitive): ἔστην – I stood (action confined to the subject).
  2. φύω (I produce, grow)
    1. 1st Aorist (Transitive): ἔφυσα – I produced, I brought forth.
    2. 2nd Aorist (Intransitive): ἔφυν – I grew, I came forth.
  3. δύω (I cause to enter, sink)
    1. 1st Aorist (Transitive): ἔδυσα – I plunged, I sank (something).
    2. 2nd Aorist (Intransitive): ἔδυν – I sank, I set (as the sun).
Some verbs have a 2nd Aorist form, but they add 1st Aorist endings.
Verb (Present)Standard 2nd AoristKoine 1st Aorist Form/EndingMeaning
λέγω / εἶπονεἶπονεἶπαν / εἶπα I/they said
ἔρχομαι / ἦλθονἦλθον ἦλθαν / ἦλθα I/they came
ὁράω / εἶδονεἶδον εἶδαν / εἶδα I/they saw
λαμβάνωἔλαβον ἔλαβαν / ἔλαβα I/they took
φέρωἤνεγκον ἤνεγκα I brought/bore
πίπτωἔπεσον ἔπεσαν / ἔπεσα I/they fell

sixth ID chart
Translate the following:
  1. παρέλαβε τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν παρὰ τοῦ μεσσίου, καὶ κηρύσσει αὐτὴν ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ.
  2. ἐγένοντο οἱ μαθηταὶ τοῦ κυρίου.
  3. ὁ χριστός ἐξέβαλε τὰς ἁμαρτίας τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν καὶ ἐθεράπευσεν αὐτούς.
  4. καὶ εἴδομεν τὸν κύριον καὶ ἠκούσαμεν τῶν λόγων αὐτοῦ.
  5. οἱ ἀπόστολοι εἶδον τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ θεοῦ, ἐγένετο γὰρ αὐτὸς ἄνθρωπος καὶ ἔμενεν ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ.
  6. ταῦτα εἴπετε ἡμῖν ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ, ἐκεῖνα δὲ ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ.
  7. οὐδὲ εἰσῆλθες εἰς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, οὐδὲ εἶπες λόγους ἀγάπης τοῖς τέκνοις.
  8. τὰ ἱερὰ αἱ πισταὶ ἔλιπον, καὶ κατῆλθον εἰς τοὺς οἴκους αὐτῶν.
  9. ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἤγαγε τὰ τέκνα πρὸς τὸν κύριον ὅτι ἔσχε τὴν ἀγάπην τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ.
  10. οἱ δίκαιοι ἔφαγον ἄρτον ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ καὶ ἐδόξασαν τὸν θεόν.
  11. ὁ χριστὸς ἔπαθε πονηρὰ ὑπὲρ ἁμαρτωλῶν.
  12. τὰ τέκνα ἤνεγκε λίθους καὶ εἰσέβαλεν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ προφήτου.
answers
ὁ πέμψας με ἀληθής ἐστιν, κἀγὼ ἃ ἤκουσα παρ' αὐτοῦ ταῦτα λαλῶ εἰς τὸν κόσμον.
1"He who sent me is true, and the things which I heard from him, these things I speak to the world." (John 8:26)